King James III Coin Pendant

At nine years of age, James III became King of Scotland. A regent ruled for him until 1469. By his marriage, the same year, to Margaret of Denmark, James gained control of the Orkney and Shetland Islands. Scotland’s growth would stop there. For much of his reign James was at odds with his brother, Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany. Alexander was zealous in his disagreement with his brother, and eventually the duke and his supporters took James and held him hostage at Edinburgh.

During James’ hostage crisis, the English took Berwick and advanced to Edinburgh. He made peace with England shortly thereafter, which led to rebellion, and the end of him and his monarchy.